Having conducted joint research with biotechnology start-up Progeneer, the research was about manifesting a cell-free protein using the Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) hydrogel. It is expected that this cell-free protein will be used in the biomedical field. By arranging the rolling circle transcription based on RNA nanotechnology technic and RNA G-quadruplexes, the research team fabricated a new RNA hydrogel structure with physiochemical function. It demonstrated that the RNA’s role as a biological regulator – catalytic activity and protein synthesis – can be conducted in vitro. Also, spatiotemporal RNA-derived RNA phase transformation was repeated during the experiment, making it possible to produce massive proteins. The research results contributed to enhancing the efficiency of cell-free protein technology; the RNA hydrogel structure allowed RNA to obtain higher mechanical properties. Prof. Um said, “This research can be highly appreciated for designing the world’s first ‘RNA factory’ and establishing the peak of bio-inspiration technology by combining with cell-free protein.” This research was published online in the international journal Advanced Materials on April 5th.